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HKST
Heat Killed Salmonella typhimurium
HKST is a heat killed preparation of the flagellated Gram negative bacterium, Salmonella typhimurium.
Recognition of HKST is largely mediated by TLR2, TLR4 and TLR5 [1-3].
TLR2 and TLR4 recognize cell wall components from HKST, such as peptidoglycan (PGN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α [1].
TLR5 recognizes extracellular flagellin present on HKST resulting in NF-κB activation [2, 3].
InvivoGen’s HKST is a potent agonist of TLR2 and TLR4, with TLR5 activity at high concentrations (10e9 cells /ml).
Specificity: TLR2 agonist - TLR4 agonist - TLR5 agonist
Working concentration:
10e4 cells/ml to activate TLR2
10e6 cells/ml to activate TLR4
10e9 cells/ml to activate TLR5
Solubility: Insoluble (resuspended HKST results in a cloudy suspension) |