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FlowCellect™ Human Memory B Cell Identification Kit
Description:
FlowCellect™ Human Memory B Cell Identification Kit
Trade Name:
FlowCellect
Qty/Pk:
25 Tests / Kit
Product Overview:
Millipore’s FlowCellect™ Human Memory B Cell Identification Kit includes three directly conjugated antibodies: Anti-Human CD5-FITC, Anti-Human CD19-APC, and Anti-Human CD27-PE, along with optimized assay buffers to provide researchers the ability to phenotypically distinguish cell types.
Antibodies against CD5 and CD19 are provided in the kit to phenotype cells by their surface marker expression. CD5 is used to identify B-cell subsets, while CD19 is a mature B-cell marker. CD27 is used to phenotypically identify human memory B cells, which can serve useful utility in monitoring the function of this B cell subset during certain disease models. Evaluation of memory B cells is important in determining the capacity of the immune system in producing functional and class-switched antibodies.
All FlowCellect kits are optimized on guava® bench top flow cytometers. FlowCellect kits can be used on any flow cytometer following the same protocol providing researchers a reliable and fully validated solution to study and identify regulatory B cells right in the comfort of their own lab. All three antibodies provided in the kit are carefully titrated and optimized together to ensure maximal performance when run in multiplex, alleviating the need for any additional optimization.
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Background Information:
Memory B cells play an integral role in the immune system for their ability to recognize and react quickly to recurrent antigenic challenges by providing serological immune protection. Originating from lymphocytes that are developed and are activated in the bone marrow, these cells are committed to respond rapidly when re-exposure to previously encountered pathogens or other invading substances occur. This ability for the body to recognize previously encountered antigens protect the body from many infections and future infections. In healthy individuals, once a foreign body is recognized, memory B cells are then stimulated to produce antibodies to counteract the pathogen. So upon re-exposure, the body can combat these infections and keep these pathogens at bay. In essence, memory B cells play an important secondary immune response, thus, making them important to the proper functioning of the immune system.
CD27 is expressed on the cell surface of most T-cells, NK cells, and has been identified as the key marker for identifying memory B cells. CD27 is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily and plays a key role in regulating B-cell activation. CD19 is found on most B cells, and B cell subsets are identified by its expression. Similarly, CD5 is expressed on T-cells, thymocytes, and is highly expressed on B cell subsets. Together, having the ability to monitor CD27, CD19, and CD5 expression levels simultaneously in a mixed cell population allows for the characterization of cell phenotypes and monitoring memory B cell function within the immune response. In this system, B cell subsets are identified by the expression of CD19 and CD5, whereas memory B cells were immunophenotypically identified by CD27.
Understanding the function and presence of memory B cells is important in diagnosing one’s health and immunity to certain infections. As described in both French, et al. (2004) and in De Milito, et al. (2001), patients with HIV infection lead to the disruption of the immune system resulting in an increased risk of many infections, in particular pneumococcal disease. B-cell subpopulations are defective in HIV infected patients, showing a reduced number of circulating CD19+CD27+ memory B cells in both adult and pediatric groups. These results are confirmed by Longwe, et al. (2010) in his study showing that HIV infe |